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Securing Networks with Cisco Routers and Switches Exam

Retired June 20, 2007
Exam Number: 642-502
Associated Certifications: CCSP
Duration: 90 minutes (60-70 questions)
Available Languages: English
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Question: 1
A new Company switch has been installed and you wish to secure it. Which Cisco Catalyst IOS
command can be used to mitigate a CAM table overflow attack?

A. switch(config-if)# port-security maximum 1
B. switch(config)# switchport port-security
C. switch(config-if)# port-security
D. switch(config-if)# switchport port-security maximum 1
E. switch(config-if)# switchport access
F. switch(config-if)# access maximum 1
Answer: D Explanation:
Enabling and Configuring Port Security:
Beginning in privileged EXEC mode, follow these steps to restrict input to an interface by limiting and identifying MAC addresses of the stations allowed to access the port:

To ensure that only a single station’s MAC address is allowed on a given port, specify the value
of the “switchport port-security maximum” command to 1. This will safeguard against CAM
overflow attacks.

Reference:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/switches/ps5206/products_configuration_guide_chapter
09186a00801

Question: 2 SIMULATION
The following diagram displays a portion of the Company network:

Exam Name: Securing Networks with Cisco Routers and Switches
Exam Type: Cisco
Exam Code: 642- 502 Total Questions: 143

You work for the Company, which has a server connected to their infrastructure through a switch
named Houston. Although Company uses VLANs for security, an attacker is trying to overflow the CAM table by sending out spoofed MAC addresses through a port on the same switch as the server. Your task is to configure the switch to protect the switch from a CAM table overflow
attack. For purposes of this test, we will assume that the attacker is plugged into port Fa0/12. The
topology is pictured in the exhibit. The enable password for the switch is Company. The following passwords have been assigned to the Houston switch:
Console passwords: california VTY lines 0-4 password: city Enable passwords: Company
Start the simulation by clicking on the host.

Answer:
Switch1(config)# interface fastethernet0/12
Switch1(config-if)# switchport mode access Switch1(config-if)# switchport port-security Switch1(config-if)# switchport port-security maximum 1
Switch1(config-if)# end

Explanation:
Enabling and Configuring Port Security:
Beginning in privileged EXEC mode, follow these steps to restrict input to an interface by limiting and identifying MAC addresses of the stations allowed to access the port:

Exam Name: Securing Networks with Cisco Routers and Switches
Exam Type: Cisco
Exam Code: 642- 502 Total Questions: 143

Reference:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/switches/ps5206/products_configuration_guide_chapter
09186a00801

Question: 3
You want to increase the security of a newly installed switch. Which Cisco Catalyst IOS command
is used to mitigate a MAC spoofing attack?

A. switch(config-if)# port-security mac-address 0000.ffff.aaaa
B. switch(config)# switchport port-security mac-address 0000.ffff.aaaa
C. switch(config-if)# switchport port-security mac-address 0000.ffff.aaaa
D. switch(config)# port-security mac-address 0000.ffff.aaaa
E. switch(config-if)# mac-address 0000.ffff.aaaa
F. switch(config)# security mac-address 0000.ffff.aaaa
Answer: C Explanation:
You can use the port security feature to restrict input to an interface by limiting and identifying MAC addresses of the workstations that are allowed to access the port. When you assign secure MAC addresses to a secure port, the port does not forward packets with source addresses
outside the group of defined addresses. If you limit the number of secure MAC addresses to one
and assign a single secure MAC address, the workstation attached to that port is assured the full bandwidth of the port. If a port is configured as a secure port and the maximum number of secure MAC addresses is reached, when the MAC address of a workstation attempting to access the port is different from any of the identified secure MAC addresses, a security violation occurs.
If a workstation with a secure MAC that is address configured or learned on one secure port attempts to access another secure port, a violation is flagged. After you have set the maximum number of secure MAC addresses on a port, the secure addresses are included in an address table in one of these ways:

Exam Name: Securing Networks with Cisco Routers and Switches
Exam Type: Cisco
Exam Code: 642- 502 Total Questions: 143

You can configure all secure MAC addresses by using the switchport port-security mac-address
mac_address interface configuration command. You can allow the port to dynamically configure secure MAC addresses with the MAC addresses of connected devices. You can configure a number of addresses and allow the rest to be dynamically configured.

Reference:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/switches/ps708/products_configuration_guide_chapter0
9186a00800d

Question: 4
The security administrator for Company Inc. is working on defending the network against SYN
flooding attacks. Which of the following are tools to protect the network from TCP SYN attacks?

A. Route authentication
B. Encryption
C. ACLs
D. TCP intercept
E. None of the above.
Answer: D Explanation:
The TCP intercept feature implements software to protect TCP servers from TCP SYN-flooding attacks, which are a type of denial-of-service attack. A SYN-flooding attack occurs when a hacker floods a server with a barrage of requests for connection. Because these messages have
unreachable return addresses, the connections cannot be established. The resulting volume of
unresolved open connections eventually overwhelms the server and can cause it to deny service
to valid requests, thereby preventing legitimate users from connecting to a web site, accessing e- mail, using FTP service, and so on. The TCP intercept feature helps prevent SYN-flooding attacks by intercepting and validating TCP connection requests. In intercept mode, the TCP
intercept software intercepts TCP synchronization (SYN) packets from clients to servers that
match an extended access list. The software establishes a connection with the client on behalf of the destination server, and if successful, establishes the connection with the server on behalf of the client and knits the two half-connections together transparently. Thus, connection attempts from unreachable hosts will never reach the server. The software continues to intercept and forward packets throughout the duration of the connection. The number of SYNs per second and the number of concurrent connections proxied depends on the platform, memory, processor, and
other factors

Reference:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/iosswrel/ps1835/products_configuration_guide_chapter
09186a00800c
The exec timeout command prevents unauthorized users from misusing abandoned sessions (for instance if the network administrator went on vacation and left an enabled login session active on his desktop system). There is a trade-off here between security (shorter timeouts) and usability
(longer timeouts). Check your local policies and operational needs to determine the best value. In
most cases, this should be no more than 10 minutes. To configure the timeout values, perform the following steps:
router(config)# line INSTANCE
router(config-line)# exec-timeout $(EXEC_TIMEOUT)
router(config-line)# exit

Reference: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/793/access_dial/comm_server.html

Question: 5
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